The bud in the image at left has emerged from its protective budscales and its leaves have not yet expanded. Note the large amount of light colored trichomes covering its surfaces. Many varieties of Vitis have trichomes on their mature leaves as well. It appears, however, that the most newly developed leaves have a thicker covering of these trichomes. Perhaps these serve as protection against overexposure to bright light or as a deterrent to insect pests.

Two leaves have now expanded out from the closed bud. This is termed the two-leaf stage.

This photo depicts the apical end of a shoot in early shoot growth. Note the drops of clear fluid on the different areas of this shoot. These are termed pearl glands or "sap balls".
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A close up view of pearl glands.